离子色谱法测定乳粉中的高氯酸盐

建立了乳粉中痕量高氯酸盐的固相萃取离子色谱分析方法。在碱性条件下,乙腈提取、浓缩,0.22μm尼龙滤膜+RP柱净化,AS20阴离子分析柱(150mm×4.0mm)分离,流动相为氢氧化钠溶液(30~70mmol/L),流速1.0mL/min。结果表明,高氯酸盐在0.4~20μg/L内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数0.999 8,样品检出限20μg/kg,加标回收率在77.2%~108%。测定了41个乳粉中的高氯酸盐含量,高氯酸盐检出率为31.7%。对质监部门用来检测乳粉中高氯酸盐的方法是一个补充,为食品安全提供了参考数据。     

Nanoscale Broadband Viscoelastic Spectroscopy of Soft Materials Using Iterative Control

A novel approach to nanoscale broadband viscoelastic spectroscopy is presented. The proposed approach utilizes the recently developed modeling-free inversion-based iterative control (MIIC) technique to achieve accurate measurement of the material response to the applied excitation force over a broad frequency band. Scanning probe microscope (SPM) and nanoindenter have become enabling tools to quantitatively measure the mechanical properties of a wide variety of materials at nanoscale. Current nanomechanical measurement, however, is limited by the slow measurement speed: the nanomechanical measurement is slow and narrow-banded and thus not capable of measuring rate-dependent phenomena of materials. As a result, large measurement (temporal) errors are generated when material is undergoing dynamic evolution during the measurement. The low-speed operation of SPM is due to the inability of current approaches to (1) rapidly excite the broadband nanomechanical behavior of materials, and (2) compensate for the convolution of the hardware adverse effects with the material response during high-speed measurements. These adverse effects include the hysteresis of the piezo actuator (used to position the probe relative to the sample); the vibrational dynamics of the piezo actuator and the cantilever along with the related mechanical mounting; and the dynamics uncertainties caused by the probe variation and the operation condition. In the proposed approach, an input force signal with frequency characteristics of band-limited white-noise is utilized to rapidly excite the nanomechanical response of materials over a broad frequency range. The MIIC technique is used to compensate for the hardware adverse effects, thereby allowing the precise application of such an excitation force and measurement of the material response (to the applied force). The proposed approach is illustrated by implementing it to measure the frequency-dependent plane-strain modulus of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) over a broad frequency range extending over 3 orders of magnitude (~1 Hz to 4.5 kHz).     

在等距节点处的反周期函数的（0，m1，m2，…，mp）三角插值

研究了以π为周期的反周期函数的Birkhoff三角插值,解决了在等距节点处的反周期函数的（0,m1,m2,…,mp）三角插值问题,得到了解存在的条件．     

碳化硅和碳化硼在电催化中的应用

燃料电池是具有广泛应用前景的新能源技术。碳载铂基催化剂（Pt/C）是最常用的燃料电池电极催化剂,不过Pt/C稳定性较差、且成本高昂,严重限制了燃料电池的规模化应用。共价型碳化物碳化硅和碳化硼,由于具有极强的共价键,其物化稳定性优异,成为制备高稳定性、低成本的燃料电池催化剂的重要基础材料。本文总结了相关研究成果,介绍了碳化硅和碳化硼的独特优势,讨论了相关研究的发展方向。     

Microwave dielectric and magnetic properties of superparamagnetic 8-nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles

The superparamagnetic 8-nm Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were successfully prepared by chemical oxidation process. For the complex permittivity, the dual dielectric relaxation processes have been proved by two overlapped Cole–Cole semicircles, and the natural resonance frequency is 3.03 GHz for the complex permeability. The maximum reflection loss value reaches −55.5 dB at 6.11 GHz with 3.85 mm in the thickness of the absorbers for the superparamagnetic 8-nm Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles which is better than that of 150 nm and 30 nm Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. It is believed that the superparamagnetic 8-nm Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles can be used as a kind of candidate for microwave absorber.     

First-principles study on the electronic structure and magnetism of layered oxyselenide La2Mn2Se2O3

The electronic structure and magnetism of layered oxyselenide La(2)Mn(2)Se(2)O(3) have been studied by using first-principles calculations within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and GGA + U methods. The G-type antiferromagnetic (AF) state is calculated to be the most stable phase among the various magnetic configurations of interest, irrespective of the choice of the functional used, which is in good agreement with the experiments. In contrast to La(2)Fe(2)Se(2)O(3) and La(2)Co(2)Se(2)O(3), in which the AF states show metallic behavior under the GGA method, we predict the ground state of La(2)Mn(2)Se(2)O(3) is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of ～0.52 eV via the GGA calculations. This is closely related to a closed shell configuration and large exchange splitting (～3.5 eV) in the Mn 3d states. Moreover, the magnetic properties are also discussed in terms of the calculated Heisenberg spin exchange constants, suggesting that La(2)Mn(2)Se(2)O(3) is a strong two-dimensional magnetically frustrated system.     

H基于模糊观测器参数摄动的耦合时空混沌H跟踪控制

由于子系统的时空耦合作用及参数的摄动性，实现参数摄动的耦合时空混沌的跟踪控制非常困难。然而模型未知的耦合时空混沌的每个子系统可由一系列模糊逻辑模型逼近，每个模糊逻辑模型代表子系统在特定运行点的局部线性化模型，同时考虑子系统状态的不可测性，采用模糊观测器来估计子系统的状态。基于模糊模型及状态观测器，计及混沌参数的摄动性，提出一种模糊跟踪控制方案，实现了参数摄动的耦合时空混沌的鲁棒跟踪控制，并将模糊跟踪控制表征为线性矩阵不等式问题，用线性矩阵不等式的凸优化方法求解控制器参数，确保系统的全局渐近稳定性。仿真验证了方案的有效性。     

基于β-环糊精的多肽支臂星状聚合物的制备及性能

以β-环糊精(β-CD)为起始原料, 通过磺酰化及乙二胺基取代等过程, 制备具有端氨基的中间体β-环糊精(6-en-β-CD); 再以6-en-β-CD为引发剂, 通过赖氨酸N-羧基环内酸酐(Lys-NCA)和谷氨酸N-羧基环内酸酐(Glu-NCA)的混合开环聚合(ROP)和脱苄氧羰基(Cbz)保护等反应, 制备了以β-CD为核、 混聚多肽为支臂的星状聚合物[6-聚(谷氨酸-赖氨酸)-β-CD]. 以基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)、 核磁共振波谱(NMR)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等对星状聚合物及中间体结构进行表征; 同时采用圆二色光谱(CD)和噻唑蓝(MTT)法对该聚合物的二级结构和体外毒性进行了考察. 结果表明, 所得星状聚合物的重均分子量(M_w)为4626, 多分散系数(PDI)为1.10, 平均聚合度(DP)为27.1; 在水溶液中星状聚合物的二级结构是无规则线团; 在5 mg/mL浓度下, 细胞存活率可达到94%以上, 没有呈现明显体外细胞毒性, 具有潜在的药用前景.     

Investigation on Guided-Mode Characteristics of Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibre at Near-Infrared Wavelengths

Guided-mode characteristics of hollow-core photonic crystal fibre （HC-PCF） are experimentally and theoretically investigated. The transmission spectrum in the range from 755 to 845nm is observed and the loss is measured to be 0.12dB/m at 800nm by cut-back method. Based on the full-vector beam propagation method and the full-vector plane-wave method, the characteristics of mode field over propagation distance 1 m are simulated, and the results show that the propagation efficiency can be above 80%. Compared with the fundamental guided mode well confined in air core within shorter propagation distance, the second-order guided mode leaks into the cladding region and gradually attenuates due to larger refractive index difference. The primary loss factors in HC-PCF and the corresponding solutions are elementarily discussed.     

数字图像技术的数字滤光方法在图像测温中的应用

针对在比色测温法中由CCD光谱响应带宽引起的误差,提出了数字滤光的误差校正方法。该方法利用数字图像技术将光谱曲线离散化,采用离散化数据模型展开比色测温计算,在540±10nm绿光段和640±10nm红光段分别加入数字滤光算法,测温误差与外光路搭载滤光片效果接近。该方法简单实用,精度较高,在无外置滤光光路情况下实现了彩色CCD摄像设备的辐射测温,可为图像测温产品的便携性和适用化带来便利。